INDO-MALAYAN
Human Habitats
(Farms, Gardens & Settlements)

The human habitats of tropical Asia are widespread and include farms, gardens, villages and even cities. While they are not as diverse as surrounding rainforest and woodlands, they host a variety of introduced and native flora and fauna... 

Plants

Family Euphorbiaceae

Hevea brasilensis, 'Rubber Tree' with latex (Bukit Lawang, Indonesia).

Ficus religiosa, 'Bodhi Tree', 'Buddha Fig'. Leaves have very long thin drip-tip. Often planted around temples.

Animals

Class Insecta

Order Odonata: Dragonflies & Damselflies

Order Lepidoptera

Family Nymphalidae

Unonia hierta, 'Yellow Pansy'.

Class Reptilia

Family Agamidae: Dragons

Class Aves: Birds

Family Alcedinidae: Kingfishers

Halcyon smyrnensis, 'White-throated/breasted Kingfisher'. Found near water and around small settlements, from middle east across Asia to Bali. Often seen perched on wires. In the Philippines it is the similar Halcyon gularis 'Brown-breasted Kingfisher'

Family Upupidae: Hoopoe

Upupa epops, 'Eurasian Hoopoe'.

Family Oriolidae: Old World Orioles

Oriolus xanthornus, 'Black-hooded Oriole'.

Family Laniidae: Shrikes

Lanius schach, 'Long-tailed Shrike'/'Rufous-backed Shrike'.  A very widespread native bird found south to New Guinea. 

Family Corvidae: Crows & Jays

Crypsirina temia, 'Racket-tailed Treepie'. In poor light, as in this photograph, these birds appear quite dark and dull, however, in good light they are a much more attractive glossy green.

Family Pycnonotidae: Bulbuls

Pycnonotus cafer, 'Red-vented Bulbul'. A native bird that has also become an introduction outside it's range.

Family Leiothrichidae: Laughingthrushes

Argya affinis, 'Yellow-billed Babbler'.

Family Sturnidae: Starlings & Mynas

'Common/Indian Mynah' nesting in wall.

Family Muscicapidae: Old World Flycatchers

Copsychus saularis, 'Oriental Magpie-Robin'. One of the most common urban birds throughout tropical Asia, even found in big bustling cities such as Bangkok. 

Family Estrildidae: Estrildid Finches

Lonchura punctulata, 'Scaly-breasted/Spotted Munia'. Often found around villages and farms.